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Thursday, March 14, 2019

Deliberate, Decisive and Deathly - 1 Samuel, Part 7



It is common knowledge that Eli’s sons were openly sinning.  Previously we have seen the horror of their sin in the treatment of God’s offering (1 Samuel 2:12ff)).  Now their transgression is increased by their immorality.  They were having sexual relations with women “at the entrance to the tent of meeting”. “This is obviously intended to show the incredible degeneration of the worship of Jehovah in Israel. Whether this is cultic prostitution, as was practiced in other Canaanite religions, or simply fornication is academic and relatively unimportant. The point is that the depth of this willful, flagrant, and unforgivable sin was appalling.”[1]  As noted in Exodus 38:8, these may have even been women who served in the Tabernacle.

Eli rebukes his sons for their sinful behavior and tries to reason with them: “If someone sins against a man, God will mediate for him, but if someone sins against the Lord, who can intercede for him?”[2] This is a very interesting approach.   Some think that he’s saying, “If God would surely judge when one sinned against another man, how much more would He bring judgment against those who sinned against Him.”[3] That does not appear to be what Eli says.  He clearly says, “If someone sins against the Lord, who can intercede for him?”[4]  It is more reasonable to assume that Eli is reminding these men that they are intercessors; they are mediators.  If they transgress, if they openly sin, who is it that can mediate between them and God?  No one!  It’s a weak theological argument at best, for God had anticipated the need for the priests to be cleansed.  The author of Hebrews, writing of Jesus, writes, He has no need, like those high priests, to offer sacrifices daily, first for his own sins and then for those of the people, since he did this once for all when he offered up himself.” (Hebrews 7:27, ESV)



The result of Eli’s plea falls on deaf ears.  The author’s point is profound, to say the least.  “For it was the will of the Lord to put them to death.”[5]  Let’s grasp this clearly.  The inspired author is asserting that these men did not and could not repent for it was God’s will to kill them.  “When God is determined to destroy, no human intercession is effective. For the writers of the Bible, the fact that divine providence and human character mingle means that destinies are regarded as ultimately the result of the divine will.”[6]  God’s determination to take their life, having been already determined could not be thwarted. This is called, in theology, “judicial hardening”. 

Judicial hardening is a clear and repeated concept in the Bible.  It is God’s active, determinative, choice to blind and bind an already rebellious, calcitrant defiant person in their rebellion that results in an inability to repent and be saved. (Example: Esau[7])  One should note that in every case (e.g. Pharaoh) that it is God’s purpose to bring to pass a greater redemptive purpose through this hardening. For my discussion on Pharaoh you can read my Blog HERE.  In that Blog I write,

“When God is said to "harden" the heart of a person, He is acting in divine justice.  Paul has already stated in Romans 1 that God's justice on the unrepentant human race is that "God gave them up."[2] I suggest that this act of justice is also called in Scriptures as "God hardening."  The end result is that those to whom God does not show mercy, He extends justice and that justice is leaving man in his own sin and rebellion resulting in a hardened heart.”

This is a warning if you the reader are not in Christ.   The inimitable John Owen wrote, “No one knows where deliberate sin may lead.”[8]  But the Divine Author also encourages us in this text: “Now the boy Samuel continued to grow both in stature and in favor with the Lord and also with man.” (1 Samuel 2:26, ESV). “God’s grace is his own; he denied it to the sons of the high priest and gave it to the child of an obscure country Levite.”[9]










[1] Hindson, E. E., & Kroll, W. M. (Eds.). (1994). KJV Bible Commentary (p. 537). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.
[2] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version. (2016). (1 Sa 2:25). Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles.
[3] MacArthur, J., Jr. (Ed.). (1997). The MacArthur Study Bible (electronic ed., p. 380). Nashville, TN: Word Pub.
[4] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version. (2016). (1 Sa 2:25). Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles.
[5] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version. (2016). (1 Sa 2:25). Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles.
[6] Crossway Bibles. (2008). The ESV Study Bible (p. 495). Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles.
[7]See to it that no one fails to obtain the grace of God; that no “root of bitterness” springs up and causes trouble, and by it many become defiled; that no one is sexually immoral or unholy like Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal. For you know that afterward, when he desired to inherit the blessing, he was rejected, for he found no chance to repent, though he sought it with tears.” (Hebrews 12:15–17, ESV)

[8] https://www.ligonier.org/learn/devotionals/no-chance-repent/

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