Now let me make two disclaimers before I continue. This article does not engage the debate between body burial and cremation. I assume here that whether the body is embalmed or not, cremated or not, a burial still takes place. Secondly, I assume an eschatological agreement that the final state of redeemed mankind is to be residents of the New Heaven and New Earth. Although we speak of Heaven as home, it is not. The current Heaven that is far better and with Christ is a staging area for all who die before the Second Coming, where at that time all of God’s people from all ages will dwell on earth in service to our King.
“And they sang a new song, saying, ‘Worthy are you to take the scroll and to open its seals, for you were slain, and by your blood you ransomed people for God from every tribe and language and people and nation, and you have made them a kingdom and priests to our God, and they shall reign on the earth.’” - Revelation 5:9–10 (ESV).
The point I attempt to make is that there is a direct connection between the burial of a Christian and the future hope of the Christian. As Dan Vos writes, “The practice of burial stems from our beliefs in the value of the human body and the reality of the resurrection of the dead.”[1] Early Christian tradition also adds the important feature (important at least to this discussion) that burial take place on consecrated ground. “After the establishment of the parish as the centre of the Christian spiritual life, the possession of a cemetery, as well as the baptismal font, was a mark of parochial status. During the Middle Ages, religious orders also constructed cemeteries around their churches. Thus, the most common use of churchyards was as a consecrated burial ground known as a graveyard.”[2]
Undoubtedly the first Biblical illustration of burial is found in the story of Abraham. Abraham never owned land in Canaan as his offspring did. When Sarah died, he acknowledged that to the Hittites. He worked a deal with the Hittites to purchase “for the full price . . . A burying place.” (Genesis 23:9, ESV). One might say that the only land Abraham owned in the Promised Land was a burial plot (Genesis 23:20, ESV). “Abraham’s purchase of the field and cave meant that his descendants would own this land in perpetuity. Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Rebekah, and Leah would later be laid to rest in this cave.” Genesis 23:20 (ESV Study Bible). Paul writing to the Romans extends that hope of Abraham further, when he writes, “For the promise to Abraham and his offspring that he would be heir of the world did not come through the law but through the righteousness of faith.” Romans 4:13 (ESV). We can assume then that in the mind of Abraham, he bought Sarah’s burial plot in faith that one day God fulfill His promise to give his descendants, not only the land of Canaan, but the world itself. S.G. Degraaf notes, “Abraham buried Sarah. For him her grave was a guarantee that his seed would inherit the land and possess it forever. One day Sarah and her children would be glorified there.”
The hope of the promise of possessing the land, also is found in a future heir of Abraham, Joseph. We read in Genesis 50:25–26 (ESV): “Then Joseph made the sons of Israel swear, saying, ‘God will surely visit you, and you shall carry up my bones from here.’ So Joseph died, being 110 years old. They embalmed him, and he was put in a coffin in Egypt.” Joseph is confident that the God who brought His people to Egypt will most certainly lead them out. When Joseph died his body was embalmed and entombed in a coffin. Later, after hundreds of years of slavery and oppression, Moses led Israel out of Egypt and we note: “Moses took the bones of Joseph with him, for Joseph had made the sons of Israel solemnly swear, saying, ‘God will surely visit you, and you shall carry up my bones with you from here.’” - Exodus 13:18–19 (ESV). Later we read in Joshua 24:32 (ESV
“As for the bones of Joseph, which the people of Israel brought up from Egypt, they buried them at Shechem, in the piece of land that Jacob bought from the sons of Hamor the father of Shechem for a hundred pieces of money. It became an inheritance of the descendants of Joseph.”
It was Shechem where Abraham pitched his tent and built his first altar in the Promised Land and received the first divine promise (Genesis12:6, 7). It was here that Joseph’s body was buried. The writer to the Hebrews records:
“These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth. For people who speak thus make it clear that they are seeking a homeland. If they had been thinking of that land from which they had gone out, they would have had opportunity to return. But as it is, they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared for them a city.” - Hebrews 11:13–16 (ESV).
Why did Joseph desire to be buried in the Promised Land? One important reason is that Joseph’s choice of burial site was an act of faith in the promise of God that Abraham’s descendants would possess the land where he had been buried. But Hebrews 11 expands our understanding to include the reality that the patriarchs believed not only would God give them the land of Canaan but in fact the whole world. Most people read Hebrews 11:13f and think that these men of faith were desirous of heaven — heaven being that intermediate state. But it is far more likely that the patriarchs were looking for heaven on earth. Nick Batzig, pastor of Church Creek PCA in Charleston, North Carolina and Associate Editor for Ligonier Ministries, Table Talk, writes: “God promised Abraham land, but--contrary to the opinions of many--this was a promise of the inheritance of the New Heavens and the New Earth that believers get in union with Christ. Abraham actually never inherited any of the land.”[3]
Therefore, Joseph set a typological pattern within the Old Testament story of Redemption, to insist his body be buried in the land of promise. Christians therefore can, in faith, seek to be buried in the hope of the promise, that is the earth, which is the Promised Land of the New Covenant believer. “Burial,” as Batzig affirms, “Is an act of faith” “In short, a burial of the body of a believer is, in the truest sense, the last great act of faith that a believer may exhibit with his or her life.”[4]
Now let me be clear: I am not trying to invent or enforce a new doctrine. Far be it from me to do so. But I do propose that because of the compelling illustrations from Scripture, combined with the doctrine of the New Heavens and New Earth, there are sufficient implications to encourage a Christian to look upon his or her’s final wishes and affirm that their burial be viewed by friends and family as their final confession of faith. As said by General MacArthur, “I shall return.” On Oct. 20, 1944, General Douglas MacArthur waded ashore on Leyte Island in the Philippines and fulfilled his promise to return. General MacArthur’s forces in the Philippines were nearly decimated. On withdrawing in seeming defeat, he arrived in Australia making his famous declaration: “I came through and I shall return.” Return he did.
In a sense the act of burial is a declaration, “I shall return.” It is a final act of faith.
As we place the remains of our loved ones who have died in Christ in the ground, it would be theologically sound, liturgically fitting, and pastorally encouraging to re-iterate this act of faith, “They shall return.” Often the minister’s words go something like this:
“Forasmuch as it hath pleased Almighty God of his great mercy to take unto himself the soul of our dear brother here departed, we therefore commit his body to the ground; earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust to dust; in sure and certain hope of the resurrection to eternal life through our Lord Jesus Christ; who shall change the body of our low estate that it may be like unto his glorious body, according to the mighty working, whereby he is able to subdue all things to himself.”
Why not consider this amendment? “. . . in the sure and certain hope of the resurrection to eternal fellowship with God, when Heaven comes to Earth, when the Christian hope is realized, and “God’s dwelling place is now among the people, and he will dwell with them. They will be his people, and God himself will be with them and be their God. . . . His servants will serve him. They will see his face” (Revelation 21:3; 22:3–4). 2 Peter 3:13 (ESV)[5], tells us that the new heaven and new earth will be “where righteousness dwells.” The creation of the new heavens and new earth brings the promise that God “will wipe every tear from their eyes” (Revelation 21:4).[6]
The intermediate state is not our final hope. Our hope is found in the Final State, dwelling with God forever and ever on Earth. Like Abraham and Joseph, we temporarily bequeath our remains to the earth, in burial, believing the promise, “I shall return.”
[4] Ibid
[5] “But according to his promise we are waiting for new heavens and a new earth in which righteousness dwells.”
[6] Adapted from https://www.gotquestions.org/new-heavens-earth.html
