BE-TROTH . AL - A Christmas Linchpin

I recently listened to a sermon that had a novel and compelling interpretation. After spending some hours studying the preacher’s argument, I decided that there was one thing, one argument, one interpretative fact that held the whole viewpoint together. Learning that that main point was faulty, it then unraveled his whole position. It was like pulling that proverbial thread on the knitting that causes all to become undone.

In the story of Jesus’ miraculous conception and birth there are several of these, but one that is interesting is the betrothal of Joseph and Mary.

“And Joseph also went up from Galilee, from the town of Nazareth to Judea, to the city of David, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and lineage of David, to be registered with Mary, his betrothed, who was with child.”[1] [emphasis mine]

“A Jewish betrothal could be dissolved only by the man’s giving the woman a certificate of divorce. A betrothal usually lasted for one year. During that year, the couple were known as husband and wife, although they did not have the right to be united sexually. Betrothal was much more closely linked with marriage than our modern engagement. But the actual marriage took place only when the bridegroom took the bride to his home and the marriage was consummated in the sexual union.”[2]

 

If you were an investigative reporter regarding the incidents surrounding the relationship of Joseph and Mary, including the virgin conception, you might understand that the key that holds all this together is the Jewish betrothal. Mary was from Nazareth. The betrothal was so binding that she travelled to Bethlehem with Joseph as “his wife.” Without this betrothal Mary would never have gone to Bethlehem and the prophecies of her baby to be born in Bethlehem would have been false.

Another factor was that they were not legally able to consummate their marriage until after the second step of the marriage process: nissuin, or the formal home-taking ceremony. If the marriage had been consummated, then there would be no reason to accept that statement that the Holy Spirit conceived Jesus. “When his mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together, she was found to be with child from the Holy Spirit.”[3] Betrothal without consummation left plausible that it was indeed the Holy Spirit’s work of conception that brought forth, not just a baby, but a baby having two natures: fully human and fully divine[4].

Fears of immorality in Mary were assuaged when the Angel told Joseph: “Joseph, son of David, do not fear to take Mary as your wife, for that which is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit.”[5]

The linchpin that holds this story cohesively and with integrity was the quite simple practice of the Jewish people called betrothal. Remove this tradition from the story and the account starts to unravel. But it does not unravel. The betrothal adds credibility and plausibility to the account. It is a piece of the puzzle that fits with precision enabling the entire story to bring hope to all who believe.

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[1] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Lk 2:4–5). (2016). Crossway Bibles.

[2] Youngblood, R. F., Bruce, F. F., & Harrison, R. K., Thomas Nelson Publishers, eds. (1995). In Nelson’s new illustrated Bible dictionary. Thomas Nelson, Inc.

[3] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Mt 1:18). (2016). Crossway Bibles

[4] The Chalcedonian Definition

“Therefore, following the holy fathers, we all with one accord teach men to acknowledge one and the same Son, our Lord Jesus Christ, at once complete in Godhead and complete in manhood, truly God and truly man, consisting also of a reasonable soul and body; of one substance with the Father as regards his Godhead, and at the same time of one substance with us as regards his manhood; like us in all respects, apart from sin; as regards his Godhead, begotten of the Father before the ages, but yet as regards his manhood begotten, for us men and for our salvation, of Mary the Virgin, the God-bearer; one and the same Christ, Son, Lord, Only-begotten, recognized in two natures, without confusion, without change, without division, without separation; the distinction of natures being in no way annulled by the union, but rather the characteristics of each nature being preserved and coming together to form one person and subsistence, not as parted or separated into two persons, but one and the same Son and Only-begotten God the Word, Lord Jesus Christ; even as the prophets from earliest times spoke of him, and our Lord Jesus Christ himself taught us, and the creed of the fathers has handed down to us.”

[5] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Mt 1:20). (2016). Crossway Bibles.

 

God Hears The Cry Of His Child, Because It Is He Who Cries!

Galatians 4:4–7 (NIV),

⁴ But when the set time had fully come, God sent his Son, born of a woman, born under the law, ⁵ to redeem those under the law, that we might receive adoption to sonship. ⁶ Because you are his sons, God sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, the Spirit who calls out, “Abba, Father.” ⁷ So you are no longer a slave, but God’s child; and since you are his child, God has made you also an heir.

"God sent his Son at the right moment in human history, when God’s providential oversight of the events of the world had directed and prepared peoples and nations for the incarnation and ministry of Christ, and for the proclamation of the gospel." [1]  "In these words he comprehendeth both the person of Christ and the office of Christ. His person consisteth of his divine and human nature. This he sheweth plainly when he saith, “God sent his own son, born of a woman.” Christ therefore is very God and very man. His office he setteth forth in these words: 'Being made under the law to redeem them that were under the law.'” [2]

Luther then asks this important question, "How did Christ redeem us?"  "Although he be the Lord of the law, and therefore the law hath no authority or power over him (for he is the Son of God), yet of his own accord he made himself subject to the law . . . For it accused him as a blasphemer and a seditious person: it made him guilty before God of the sins of the whole world: it so terrified and oppressed him with heaviness and anguish of spirit, that he sweat blood, and briefly, it condemned him to death, yea even to the death of the cross (Luke xxii. 44)." [2]  

Yes, the Lord of glory who was completely sinless came and lived under the very Law He established that in our place it might condemn Him.  As our sins were placed upon Him, He suffered the consequence of the Law.  “Therefore I will give him a portion among the great, and he will divide the spoils with the strong, because he poured out his life unto death, and was numbered with the transgressors. For he bore the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.” (Isaiah 53:12, NIV).  

"So Christ, a divine and human person, begotten of God without beginning, and born of the Virgin in the time appointed, came not to make a law, but to feel and suffer and terrors of the law with all extremity, and to overcome the same, that so he might utterly abolish the law." [2]  We all deserved death -- "everlasting death" but instead have received the blessings of adoption.  Are we recipients of this grace because of what we have done?  Absolutely not.  He was made a curse for us.  He redeemed us.  To God be the glory!

Not only that, we are given the gift of the indwelling Spirit of God.  "Every child of God is indwelt by the Holy Spirit (1 Cor 3:16; 6:19–20). He is the earnest of our inheritance (Eph 1:13–14). All guardians and stewards have been discharged; their supervision is no longer needed because believers are full-grown sons indwelt by the Holy Spirit." [3]  "And although it appear not before the world, that we be renewed in mind and have the Holy Ghost, yet notwithstanding our judgment, our speech, and our confession do declare sufficiently, that the Holy Ghost with his gifts is in us." [4]

And as Luther writes, "When we are in terrors and in the conflict of conscience, we take hold of Christ, and believe that he is our Savior."  It is then we cry, "Abba, Father."  "“Abba” is the intimate Aramaic word for “father,” being equivalent to the English “Daddy,” or “Papa.” Thus, the intimacy of the relationship between God the Father and men, His sons through Christ, is emphasized." [5] 

And it is not just the difficulties of life, but the terrors and torments of the Law that trouble us.  To this too we cry to our Savior. "Wherefore, in the midst of thy temptation and infirmity, cleave only unto Christ, and groan unto him. He giveth the Holy Ghost which crieth, “Abba Father.” And this feeble groaning is a mighty cry in the ears of God, and so filleth heaven and earth, that God heareth nothing else: and moreover, it stoppeth the cries of all other things whatsoever." [6]  It is this cry that confirms that we are sons of God and not merely slaves.  And we must remember that "there is no work or merit that bringeth to him the inheritance, but his birth only." [6]

Father, we as Your children are still in a daze as we ride this rocket of a passage.  In a flash we move from incarnation to glorification, from slave to heir, from fear to firmly grasping Your hand.  I have often struggled with how to help others in the assurance and affirmation of their faith in You.  Today I see that the assurance is in the Gospel.  The essence of the Gospel itself gives us the confidence that we are children of God.  The Gospel is self-authenticating.  What joy! What amazing joy comes from the Gospel.  And oh the depth of the riches of Your grace. Thank you Father for sending Your Son to take the lashes of the Law for my sake.  Thank you for sending Your Spirit to cry into my soul, 'Abba, Father.'   Thank You for Your everlasting peace and infinite love that takes a rebel like me and makes me an heir of Your kingdom.   What amazing, amazing, yes, amazing truth!  May the whole world see it.   To God be the glory!

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1.  Crossway Bibles. (2008). The ESV Study Bible (2251). Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles.

2. Luther, M. (1997). Commentary on Galatians (Ga 4:4). Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.

3. KJV Bible Commentary. 1994 (E. E. Hindson & W. M. Kroll, Ed.) (2390). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.

4. Luther, M. (1997). Commentary on Galatians (Ga 4:6). Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.

5. Believer’s Study Bible. 1991 (W. A. Criswell, P. Patterson, E. R. Clendenen, D. L. Akin, M. Chamberlin, D. K. Patterson & J. Pogue, Ed.) (electronic ed.) (Ga 4:6). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.

6.  Luther, M. (1997). Commentary on Galatians (Ga 4:6). Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.