The Impossible Task of the Pastor. Calling Others to Repentance While Repenting Yourself

 1 Corinthians 4:14–21 (ESV)

"¹⁴ I do not write these things to make you ashamed, but to admonish you as my beloved children. ¹⁵ For though you have countless guides in Christ, you do not have many fathers. For I became your father in Christ Jesus through the gospel. ¹⁶ I urge you, then, be imitators of me. ¹⁷ That is why I sent you Timothy, my beloved and faithful child in the Lord, to remind you of my ways in Christ, as I teach them everywhere in every church. ¹⁸ Some are arrogant, as though I were not coming to you. ¹⁹ But I will come to you soon, if the Lord wills, and I will find out not the talk of these arrogant people but their power. ²⁰ For the kingdom of God does not consist in talk but in power. ²¹ What do you wish? Shall I come to you with a rod, or with love in a spirit of gentleness?"

"The changes of tone in this passage reveal some of the real tensions that continue to exist in Christian ministry. How to be prophetic without being harsh or implying that one is above the sins of others. How to get people to change their behavior to conform to the gospel when they think too highly of themselves. There is no easy answer, as this passage reveals. But one called to minister in the church must ever strive to do it; calling people to repentance is part of the task, as long as the preacher is constantly repentant as well." [1]

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1. Fee, G. D. (2014). The First Epistle to the Corinthians (N. B. Stonehouse, F. F. Bruce, G. D. Fee, & J. B. Green, Eds.; Revised Edition, p. 211). William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company.

Learn From the Mistakes of Others

"Two years have passed between chapters six and seven. Two more years will yet be required to complete the rebuilding of the Temple (cf. Ezr 6:15). The people have been working hard (cf. Hag 1:14). Many exiles had returned from Babylon and had settled in Jerusalem and the other cities of Israel (cf. Ezr 2). The scars of the Babylonian invasion are slowly being erased, but the nation is still in an interim state. During the Babylonian captivity the exiles had instituted a fast day in commemoration of the destruction of Jerusalem. Now that Jerusalem is being restored, the question arises concerning the need or validity of continuing to keep the fast. A delegation is sent to Jerusalem to inquire of the Lord; and in response, God sends four messages through His prophet to the nation." [1]  You can read the account in Zechariah 7.

The question is pretty clear: “Should I weep and abstain in the fifth month, as I have done for so many years?”” (Zechariah 7:3, ESV). "Zechariah’s answer is given to the whole question of these fasts, and it is directed to the whole nation, not just to the men in v. 2. God is not concerned about fasting per se. He desires obedience to His word (v. 7)." [2]  "Zechariah asks whether these liturgies were done for God— that is, as an act of true repentance to help build a relationship with God— or merely to free themselves from the circumstances of discipline." [3]  "The test of true repentance is a life of obedience to God, specifically, true judgments that show kindness and mercy (v. 9) to the widow and fatherless, the sojourner and the poor (v. 10)." [4]  But how did Israel respond in the past to these messages?  Why did God scatter them?

“But they refused to pay attention and turned a stubborn shoulder and stopped their ears that they might not hear. They made their hearts diamond-hard lest they should hear the law and the words that the Lord of hosts had sent by his Spirit through the former prophets. Therefore great anger came from the Lord of hosts. “As I called, and they would not hear, so they called, and I would not hear,” says the Lord of hosts, “and I scattered them with a whirlwind among all the nations that they had not known. Thus the land they left was desolate, so that no one went to and fro, and the pleasant land was made desolate.”” (Zechariah 7:11–14, ESV)  

"In summary, in this section Zechariah offers not only the message of the earlier prophets but also a history lesson in the consequences of ignoring or rejecting God’s message." [5]  "The lesson to the Jews of the restoration period is clear: Do not be like your unrepentant, unfaithful, disobedient, covenant-breaking forefathers, or you will suffer a similar fate. One indispensable ingredient in true spirituality is a dogged attentiveness to familiar truths, but they did not "pay attention." [6]  "As Zechariah’s generation needed to be reminded of the example of an earlier generation of God’s people, so we must remember these examples and learn from their error." [7]

What sad words: ““As I called, and they would not hear, so they called, and I would not hear,” says the Lord of hosts,” (Zechariah 7:13, ESV).

Father, we somehow think that You are pleased with things “... promoting self-made religion and asceticism and severity to the body ...” (Colossians 2:23, ESV); but it is obedience that You desire. “For you will not delight in sacrifice, or I would give it; you will not be pleased with a burnt offering. The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit; a broken and contrite heart, O God, you will not despise.” (Psalm 51:16–17, ESV). The exiles wondered if the dispersion was over.  Could they stop all the fasting?  Your answer was "yes" and "no".  Yes they could stop the fasting and start obeying. And no, they hadn't learned the lessons of their forefathers very well.  Father, you give us so much history so we can learn and change.  Open our broken and contrite hearts by Your Spirit and bring a life-transforming reflection.  May we not repeat the mistakes of yesterday.  May tomorrow bring fresh perseverance in holiness.  For Your Name sake.  

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1. KJV Bible Commentary. 1994 (E. E. Hindson & W. M. Kroll, Ed.) (1816). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.

2. Believer’s Study Bible. 1991 (W. A. Criswell, P. Patterson, E. R. Clendenen, D. L. Akin, M. Chamberlin, D. K. Patterson & J. Pogue, Ed.) (electronic ed.) (Zec 7:3). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.

3. Boda, Mark J. (2009-05-26). Haggai, Zechariah (The NIV Application Commentary) (Kindle Locations 7015-7017). Zondervan. Kindle Edition. 

4. Crossway Bibles. (2008). The ESV Study Bible (1759). Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles.

5. Boda, Mark J. (2009-05-26). Haggai, Zechariah (The NIV Application Commentary) (Kindle Locations 7117-7118). Zondervan. Kindle Edition. 

6. Expositor's Bible Commentary, The, Pradis CD-ROM:Zechariah/Exposition of Zechariah/IV. The Problem of Fasting and the Promise of the Future (7:1-8:23)/C. The Command to Repent (7:8-14), Book Version: 4.0.2

7. Boda, Mark J. (2009-05-26). Haggai, Zechariah (The NIV Application Commentary) (Kindle Locations 7210-7211). Zondervan. Kindle Edition. 

Remembering the Way God Remembers

I've been developing some concern about our sacred institution of Remembrance Day.  As a former peace-time, infantry officer; and as one who has hardly missed involvement in November 11th, I think I have some sweat equity in the event.   I served for about 10 years as a Legion chaplain and became even more cynical. So here goes!

The mantra from sea-to-sea in our country, is "we remember our fallen heroes."  Most speeches include a sense of gratitude for the freedoms we have today.  Undoubtedly that is true.  But it's not placid gratitude that ought to drive our Remembrance Day ceremonies.  Lieutenant-Colonel McCrae said it best in the last stanza of his infamous poem:

Take up our quarrel with the foe:

To you from failing hands we throw

   The torch; be yours to hold it high.

   If ye break faith with us who die

We shall not sleep, though poppies grow

         In Flanders fields.

We ought to remember the way God remembers.   When we read in the Bible that "God remembers", we might get an image of a senile old man that try as he wish, he can't seem to recall what he is supposed to know.   That's not the God of the Bible.  That's not the eternal, self-existent, self-sufficient, omniscient, omnipotent God that is.  When the Scriptures use the term that "God remembered", the Holy Spirit is teaching us that God is acting upon His promises.   He is acting.  The best thing that can be said for any person is that God remembered them.

• Genesis 8:1 (NIV) ¹ But God remembered Noah and all the wild animals and the livestock that were with him in the ark, and he sent a wind over the earth, and the waters receded.
• Genesis 19:29 (NIV) ²⁹ So when God destroyed the cities of the plain, he remembered Abraham, and he brought Lot out of the catastrophe that overthrew the cities where Lot had lived.
• Genesis 30:22 (NIV) ²² Then God remembered Rachel; he listened to her and enabled her to conceive.
• 1 Samuel 1:19 (NIV) ¹⁹ Early the next morning they arose and worshiped before the Lord and then went back to their home at Ramah. Elkanah made love to his wife Hannah, and the Lord remembered her.
• Jeremiah 31:20 (NIV) ²⁰ Is not Ephraim my dear son, the child in whom I delight? Though I often speak against him, I still remember him. Therefore my heart yearns for him; I have great compassion for him,” declares the Lord.
• Psalm 105:42 (NIV) ⁴² For he remembered his holy promise given to his servant Abraham.

Remembrance Day ought to be a call to action, not simply a time of reflection, albeit thankfulness. There ought to be a firm resolve with all who "remember" to "take up the quarrel with the foe."  The Bible says that “Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin condemns any people.” (Proverbs 14:34, NIV). The greatest foe to Canada today is rampant unrighteousness.  The enemy is not a foreign nation, it is a foreign deity. “For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms.” (Ephesians 6:12, NIV).

My grandfather and uncles served in both World Wars.  Neither war was ultimately driven by geo-political agendas.  The Divine diagnosis is simple, yet profound: “What causes fights and quarrels among you? Don’t they come from your desires that battle within you? You desire but do not have, so you kill. You covet but you cannot get what you want, so you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask God.” (James 4:1–2, NIV)

This is why I weary of Remembrance Day festivities.  It's because we never get to the root of the problem.  We never resolve to do what is necessary based upon the real issue.  We throw out empty and meaningless rhetoric and somehow go home feeling good.  It is the epitome of a secular society borrowing equity from religious ritual. Why not call communities to repent?  Why not call communities to return to God?  Why not plead with the Holy Spirit to rend our hearts and give us hearts that fear God and love neighbors?  I know its too radical.  That's because it is too real.  

“Repent, then, and turn to God, so that your sins may be wiped out, that times of refreshing may come from the Lord, and that he may send the Messiah, who has been appointed for you—even Jesus.” (Acts 3:19–20, NIV).

Billy Graham is right when he said, "Only the gospel, God’s Good News, has the power to change lives, heal hearts, and restore a nation." 

Remembrance Day should be about reflection; about resolve, but it should also be about repentance and restoration of a nation to its God -- otherwise it is an empty facade.  The worst news possible is that all of humanity has fallen under the eternal condemnation of God for all of us have violated His glory and His holiness, for which we were created.  The best news possible is that because of God's immense love, He sent His Son, who took on humanity, lived a perfect life and died a substitutionary death for all who will, but put their trust in Him. 

Faith in this redemptive act, applies all of God's grace and goodness, by the Holy Spirit, to the believer; and placates God's righteous wrath against us.  His saving power enables the Christian to no longer live for themselves, but for Christ. His saving power grants the ability to conquer sin's power and live a life pleasing to God.  

Learn Your Lessons Well

Zechariah 1:2–6 (NIV),

² “The Lord was very angry with your ancestors. ³ Therefore tell the people: This is what the Lord Almighty says: ‘Return to me,’ declares the Lord Almighty, ‘and I will return to you,’ says the Lord Almighty. ⁴ Do not be like your ancestors, to whom the earlier prophets proclaimed: This is what the Lord Almighty says: ‘Turn from your evil ways and your evil practices.’ But they would not listen or pay attention to me, declares the Lord. ⁵ Where are your ancestors now? And the prophets, do they live forever? ⁶ But did not my words and my decrees, which I commanded my servants the prophets, overtake your ancestors? “Then they repented and said, ‘The Lord Almighty has done to us what our ways and practices deserve, just as he determined to do.’ ”

We often hear that experience is a good teacher.  No so!  Only evaluated experience where lessons are learned and applied is a good teacher. God gives Israel a history lesson.  Their fathers did not heed God's call and they suffered for it.   The remedy was simple: "Return to me," declares the Lord Almighty, "and I will return to you."  "Spiritual problems are always easily solved; just do what God wants!" [1]

God cannot tolerate sin; and the point is clear: Don't do what your relatives did!  But note the Good News: "The divine wrath (v.2) is followed by the availability of divine grace (v.3)." [2] ""Then they repented" ("came to themselves," "changed their minds") is apparently a reference to what happened to the preexilic forefathers and/or to their offspring during the Exile and immediately afterward (cf. Ezra 9-10; Dan 9:1-19)." [2]

Zechariah's message is from the King. It is staggering to consider that the King of all kings is extending grace to His people. The LORD Almighty (or LORD of Hosts) is "a divine title used extensively by the postexilic prophets Zechariah, Haggai, and Malachi. It has military connotations (God as leader of Israel’s armies, 1 Sam. 17:45), but it also highlights God’s sovereign kingship over all creation." [3]

The Broadway musical, Godspell's song: Learn Your Lessons Well included these lyrics:

First ya gotta read 'em then ya gotta heed 'em
Ya never know when you're gonna need 'em
Just as old Elijah said to Jezebel
You better start to learn your lessons well!

Heavenly Father, I don't learn my lessons well.  How discouraging I can become when I repeat the same old sins.  Like a sideshow at the fair, they just keep popping up.  I am so grateful for grace, this morning.  Grace always follows wrath.  Grace always follows Your displeasure.  All doubt is diminished when we hear, "Confess .... and I will forgive."  Grace, grace, God's grace, Grace that will pardon and cleanse within; Grace, grace, God's grace, Grace that is greater than all our sin. Thank you, Father, for Your Son and my Savior, who is full of grace and truth.  Who forgives all my sins and heals all my diseases, who redeems my life from the pit and crowns me with love and compassion, who satisfies my desires with good things so that my youth is renewed like the eagle’s.” (Psalm 103:3–5, NIV)

 

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1. KJV Bible Commentary. 1994 (E. E. Hindson & W. M. Kroll, Ed.) (1795). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.

2. Expositor's Bible Commentary, The, Pradis CD-ROM:Zechariah/Exposition of Zechariah/I. The Introduction to the Entire Book (1:14)/B. A Call to Repentance (1:2-4), Book Version: 4.0.2

3. Whitlock, L. G., Sproul, R. C., Waltke, B. K., & Silva, M. (1995). The Reformation study Bible: Bringing the light of the Reformation to Scripture: New King James Version (Zec 1:3). Nashville: T. Nelson.

Hope That Never Disappoints

Verses 15 and 16 in Chapter 2 start a lengthy discussion by Luther -- and justifiably so, for it is the heartbeat of the letter. ““We who are Jews by birth and not sinful Gentiles know that a person is not justified by the works of the law, but by faith in Jesus Christ. So we, too, have put our faith in Christ Jesus that we may be justified by faith in Christ and not by the works of the law, because by the works of the law no one will be justified.” (Galatians 2:15–16, NIV)

 

That is a interesting statement in verse 15: We who are Jews by birth and not sinful Gentiles . . .. The righteousness that Paul speaks of is a righteousness that implies a desire to follow the Law.  Of course, as Luther comments, "Notwithstanding, although we have this prerogative, that we are righteous by nature, born to the law and the works thereof, and are not sinners as the Gentiles, yet are we not therefore righteous before God." [1]   By the Law, Luther believes Paul to mean the whole Law.  In other words, Paul is not just talking about the ceremonial law, but in fact the whole corpus of Law.  He makes this sharp distinction: "Whatsoever is not grace, is the law, whether it be judicial, ceremonial, or the Ten Commandments." [1] 

The point is this: "For by the righteousness of the law, saith he, a man is not pronounced righteous before God: but the righteousness of faith God imputeth freely through grace, for Christ’s sake." [1] 

Then how is a person saved?  Here is Luther's "evangelistic tract":

• "Now, the true way to Christianity is this, that a man do first acknowledge himself by the law, to be a sinner, and that it is impossible for him to do any good work. 
• When a man is thus taught and instructed by the law, then is he terrified and humbled, then he seeth indeed the greatness of his sin, and cannot find in himself one spark of the love of God: therefore he justifieth God in his Word, and confesseth that he is guilty of death and eternal damnation. 
• The second part is: if thou wilt be saved, thou mayest not seek salvation by works; for God hath sent his only begotten Son into the world, that we might live through him. He was crucified and died for thee, and bare thy sins in his own body." [1]

So Luther's counsel is to first preach the true knowledge of ourselves before God and preach repentance; and from that preach Christ.  The Law should drive us to Christ and His finished work. "Faith therefore justifieth, because it apprehendeth and possesseth this treasure, even Christ present . . . By this means we are delivered from sin, justified and made inheritors of everlasting life; not for our own works and deserts, but for our faith, whereby we lay hold upon Christ." [1] 

So we ask Luther, "What role do good works play in this?"  He answers, "These are good works indeed, which flow out of this faith and this cheerfulness conceived in the heart, for that we have remission of sins freely by Christ." [1]

What comfort You give us, Father, in the Gospel.  Nothing in my hands I bring, simply to Thy Cross I cling.  If I were to hope for an ounce of salvation because of my goodness and work, I would be of all men, most miserable.  Father, I have not lived a millisecond of merit before Your eyes.  There is not a particle of perfection found in me. Apart from faith, imputation and justification I would be still on a road to eternal horror.  In Christ alone, my hope is found.  This is the only theology that leads to doxology.  This is the only truth that truly inspires music and dance.  All glory, honor and praise belong to You.  Now grant, Father, to me this day, enabling grace propelled by justifying grace, so that all the credit will go to You.  Amen and amen.

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1. Luther, M. (1997). Commentary on Galatians (Ga 2:15). Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.

1 Clement Chapters XLVI - LIX

First Epistle to the Corinthians

 Clement of Rome

Chapters XLVI – LIX

 

As noted by Ross Amy, this Epistle of Clement is really an exhortation or a sermon.  His sermon is to confront the sedition in Corinth.  He shows the congregation the tragedy of envy and what it does to relationships. He points out the blessings that came to the saints of the past that sought to obey Christ and also mimic Christ in these areas of relationships. He reminds his listeners that Christ is returning; and there comes with that resurrection and judgment. True faith ought to be evidenced by peace and love.

Clement’s approach is to point out the true order that Christ has established for the church. Implied is his warning that those who rise up in rebellion and rebelling against Christ.

 

The sadness of this situation is that it seems to be more grievous than what Paul dealt with in his First Letter to Corinth.  (Clement surely believed that this letter of Paul was inspired: “Truly, under the inspiration of the Spirit.”[1]).  It was grievous because the dispute even reached the broader community.  Whenever the reputation of Christ is marred it is a indignity.  Clement then calls for a return to a state of brotherly love[2] and repentance[3].   He points to the love of Moses who was willing to intercede with God for the preservation of Israel (Exodus 32).  He appeals to us to live out this ethic:

 “If on my account sedition and disagreement and schisms have arisen, I will depart, I will go away whithersoever ye desire, and I will do whatever the majority commands; only let the flock of Christ live on terms of peace with the presbyters set over it.”[4]

 

He provides examples of such love both from an Apocryphal story of Judith; and of the Old Testament example of Esther  who was prepared to die to preserve her people.  He calls those who are acting in seditious ways to submit to correction and submit to the Church:

 

“Ye therefore, who laid the foundation of this sedition, submit yourselves to the presbyters, and receive correction so as to repent, bending the knees of your hearts. Learn to be subject, laying aside the proud and arrogant self-confidence of your tongue. For it is better for you that ye should occupy a humble but honourable place in the flock of Christ, than that, being highly exalted, ye should be cast out from the hope of His people.”[5]

 Clement concludes this exhortation with a blessing and a hope to hear that things have gone well.

 As to issues of authority, Clement rests heavily on Scripture which he readily acknowledges as inspired by the Holy Spirit.  He quotes from other sources including the Apocrypha but gives no evidence of its inspiration.  This is an argument from silence, I admit.  He clearly sees the authority of the church residing in presbyters of which I have shown elsewhere is synonymous with elders, bishops, and pastors.

 

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[1] Schaff, Philip (2009-06-08). Ante-Nicene Fathers Volume 1 - Enhanced Version (Early Church Fathers) (Kindle Locations 1289-1290). Christian Classics Ethereal Library. Kindle Edition.

[2] “Ye see, beloved, how great and wonderful a thing is love, and that there is no declaring its perfection.” -  Schaff, Philip (2009-06-08). Ante-Nicene Fathers Volume 1 - Enhanced Version (Early Church Fathers) (Kindle Location 1344). Christian Classics Ethereal Library. Kindle Edition.

[3] Ibid, (Kindle Locations 1382-1383).

[4] Ibid, (Kindle Locations 1423-1425).

[5] Ibid, (Kindle Locations 1496-1500).